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Research progress on black soil quality monitoring and restoration technology
Shi Haoran;Du Shuang;Sun Daoqi;Ge Yiyuan;Ai Min;Xiao Lan;Black soil is a precious soil resource in the world. As a high-quality grain-producing base,it is crucial for maintaining global food security. The black soil region in Northeast China is one of the four major black soil regions in the world and has made significant contributions to China's food security. However,due to long-term cultivation and the impact of natural disasters,the quality of black soil has declined,and the trend of degradation is relatively severe.Therefore,it is imperative to conduct quality testing of black soil resources and propose targeted restoration strategies.This article provides a comprehensive summary of the current research status on black soil monitoring and restoration,detailing the construction of black soil indicator systems,the development of modern monitoring technologies,and integrated prevention and control techniques. Research shows that the current black soil monitoring indicators have evolved from single physicochemical indicators to comprehensive evaluation indicators that include biological indicators; monitoring methods have progressed from sampling and analysis to comprehensive three-dimensional monitoring from the ground to the sky; restoration strategies have also shifted from single physicochemical improvements to integrated management systems combining biological restoration with engineering measures. The article points out existing issues in black soil research,such as the lack of uniformity in biological indicators within black soil indicator systems and the integration of multi-source data,providing a reference for future research efforts.
Exploration and countermeasure research on the technical model of black soil protection and utilization
Zhu Chunyan;Zhang Yue;Dong Xiaowei;Wang Hanyang;Li Ruixiang;With the protection practices in the northeastern black soil region as the target,a systematic review was conducted on the current degradation status of black soil. The core essence and implementation effects of typical technical paradigms such as the Sanjiang Model、Beidahuang Model、Lishu Model and Longjiang Model were explored in depth.The current practical challenges faced by black soil protection work,such as the lagging infrastructure construction and the difficulty in controlling soil erosion,were also analyzed in depth. Targeted countermeasures and suggestions were proposed from five dimensions,including improving the investment mechanism,strengthening technological support capabilities,enhancing ecological governance efforts,establishing a legal supervision system,and increasing the participation enthusiasm of relevant entities. The aim is to provide practical and feasible practical references for the sustainable utilization of soil resources in the northeastern black soil region,and to provide reference basis for subsequent regional agricultural green development and food security protection work.
Characteristics,low-yield causes and improvement of red soil low-yield fields
Zhao Xin;Red soil group soils( including red soil,yellow soil,and latosol) distributed in mountainous,hilly,platform,and mound regions of tropical and subtropical China are characterized by such drawbacks as heavy texture,compact soil structure,shallow plow layer,low organic matter content,nutrient deficiency,strong acidity,poor permeability,and high drought susceptibility. These soil limitations have severely constrained crop yields,thus necessitating urgent soil improvement practices to break the yield bottleneck,boost agricultural productivity and farmers' income,and achieve efficient land utilization. Available amelioration measures include the application of organic fertilizers,rational chemical fertilization,lime amendment,integrated soil utilization and conservation strategies,optimized crop rotation and intercropping systems,as well as appropriate tillage practices to accelerate soil maturation. Implementation of these integrated measures can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of red soils,significantly enhance soil fertility,and promote substantial crop yield increases. This comprehensive soil improvement approach has proven to be scientifically sound and practically feasible,providing robust technical support for the steady fertility enhancement of low-yield red soil fields,sustainable agricultural intensification,and long-term agroecosystem sustainability.
Analysis of the impact of strip tillers on soil structure and crop growth
Xi Yuwu;Traditional mechanical tillage often leads to soil degradation. Mechanized strip tillage,as a protective farming technique,can conduct local cultivation in the sowing strip. Theoretically,it combines the advantages of protecting the soil and promoting crop growth. To explore the role of strip tillage technology in the sustainable development of agriculture,this study systematically analyzed the technical principles and operational advantages of strip tillers,summarized the comprehensive impact of strip tillage operations on soil structure and crop growth,provided multiple agricultural production examples,and analyzed the applicability of the strip tillage mode under different environmental conditions,providing reference for the optimization and promotion of the strip tillage operation mode.
Development and testing of in-situ combined operation machine for subsoiling,fertilization and soil preparation
Yue Shaoli;Wei Wei;Zhao Yan;Sun Lifeng;Liu Yanru;Xiao Qinghong;Chen Ying;Zhang Dongfeng;Comprehensive Agricultural Development Center of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region;To address the current challenge of failing to break through deep soil resistance layers during saline-alkali land reclamation,a specialized reclamation device was developed. Equipped with multiple spiral deep-loosening shafts,the device employs counter-rotating adjacent shafts to break through saline-alkali soil resistance layers without disrupting soil structure. Powered by a wheeled tractor via a three-point hitch,the device drives the deep-loosening,fertilizing,and rolling units through the tractor's power take-off shaft. This enables integrated in-situ deep loosening,fertilization,and land preparation operations on saline-alkali soils. Driven by the tractor's power take-off shaft,it operates the deep loosening,fertilizing,and rolling units,enabling integrated in-situ deep loosening,fertilization,and land preparation on saline-alkali soils. Test results indicate the device achieves a subsoiling depth of68. 49 cm,with subsoiling stability at 98. 09%,soil fragmentation rate at 99. 17%,vertical soil displacement of8. 6 cm,post-tillage surface levelness of 1. 42%,coefficient of variation for fertilizer application uniformity across rows at 1. 485%,and reliability assessment at 94. 4%. The in-situ deep loosening,fertilization,and land preparation combined machine features a compact structure. Relevant test data meet design requirements,demonstrating significant potential for further promotion.
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Research on Educational Dynamics Mechanism of School-enterprise Cooperation in Mechanical Manufacturing in Applied Undergraduate Colleges and Universities
YU Zhenzhen;YIN Ningxia;ZHANG Jing;WANG Hongxuan;Applied undergraduate colleges and universities in mechanical manufacturing professional education in the school-enterprise cooperation teaching mode can make up for the gap between the combined theoretical education and the actual industrial demand, enrich the students' practical experience, and cultivate more market-adapted high-skilled talents for the mechanical manufacturing industry. This paper is based on the economic interests and social responsibility perspective, to build the mechanical manufacturing professional enterprises to participate in school-enterprise cooperation under the education power system, using case study and questionnaire survey method on 32 different sizes and types of enterprises, the results show that the primary motivation for enterprises to participate in the cell cooperation for the value of social responsibility and the pursuit of the enhancement of its brand image and social influence, and at the same time, can also be obtained from the potential R&D cooperation opportunities, and internal motivation because through school-enterprise cooperation they can cultivate suitable talents for the future technological development and innovation layout of enterprises. Based on this, this study provides suggestions on the future development direction of school-enterprise cooperation, aiming to promote school-enterprise cooperation to innovate cooperation modes and strategies to quickly adapt to the fast-changing industrial environment, and the results of this paper can provide insights for understanding and optimizing the cooperation between applied undergraduate colleges and enterprises in the professional education of mechanical manufacturing.
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The development situation of rice transplanter in car country
Shen Liang Han Xiuhai Geng ZhijieChina is a large agricultural nation,rice is our country's main food crop,but rice in production process of mechanization degree has not high,these two years,the government's strong support,there's a big change,unfolding paddy fields,but as the current mechanization of rice production situation in our country,our country has massive land throughout the argircultural situation have very big difference,so this process is a gradual process,not by leaps,in this process a lot of problems are,we need to face,to solve,we can better realize agricultural mechanization.
Design of Intelligent Car for Tracking Obstacle Avoidance Based on 51 Single Chip Microcomputer
SU Yan;ZHANG Yuxiang;WANG Ce;LI Guang;Intelligent cars have made significant progress in recent years, which integrate a variety of advanced technologies, the main feature is that it can be remotely controlled to achieve path recognition function, and has broad application prospects in industry. Based on the hardware structure and program design, an IoT intelligent car with tracking and obstacle avoidance function is designed, which can automatically identify the path and avoid obstacles in the process of progress, and can also display various parameters through the LCD screen. The design not only demonstrates the application potential of smart cars in IoT technology, but also provides a useful reference for further research and development of smart cars.
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Current Situation and Future Development Trend of Electric Vehicle Batteries
LI Juegui;HAN Minyi;Environmental pollution and energy crisis is undoubtedly the automotive industry must face the two major challenges,electric vehicles due to its unique advantages of green environmental protection to meet the development of The Times; Battery performance will be directly related to the safety of the vehicle and the length of the range. Through the analysis of the development and use of different types of batteries of electric vehicles,explore and forecast its future development trend.
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Journal Name: Agricultural Machinery Using & Maintenance
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Competent authority: Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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